Blockchain PoW and PoS Energy Consumption and its Environmental Impact
Methodologies and Analytics
Emerging technologies such as blockchain and distributed ledger systems offer significant opportunities but may also impact the energy system and environment if adopted without careful assessment.
This study addresses this challenge by
(i) developing a matrix of key parameters related to the energy consumption of major blockchains,
(ii) proposing techno-environmental methodologies to estimate the carbon footprint of prominent cryptocurrencies, blockchains, and their applications,
(iii) analyzing the environmental implications of different blockchain architectures and consensus mechanisms, and
(iv) creating accessible tools with data visualization and analytics to calculate carbon impact.
By specifying consistent methodologies and quantifying technological drivers of energy use, this research provides practical frameworks and metrics to evaluate the environmental footprint of blockchain technologies and support informed, sustainable decision making.